This work comprehensively describes the latest progress in the field of motor control, in-depth analysis of switched reluctance motor, stepper motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor and brushless DC motor four types of advanced control technology, including position senser control, direct torque control, vector control and other cutting-edge methods. Through detailed theoretical analysis and practical cases, such as electric vehicle drive, robot joint drive and high-precision textile machinery applications, it shows the wide application and importance of motor control technology in modern industry and new energy fields. This work not only discusses the improvement of the traditional control strategy, but also introduces a new control strategy based on sliding mode PID, which provides a valuable reference for the innovation and development of motor control technology.